Auditory Imagery Bibliography

Auditory Imagery Bibliography

(last update: December 22, 2011)

Auditory imagery has been defined as "the introspective persistence of an auditory experience, including one constructed from components drawn from long-term memory, in the absence of a direct sensory instigation of the experience" (Intons-Peterson, 1992, p. 46). In other words, auditory imagery is the experience of the auditory sensory qualities of a stimulus in the absence of that stimulus.

Although imagery has attracted a lot of research interest within the scientific community, relatively little of that research focused on auditory imagery (for a recent review of research on auditory imagery, see Hubbard, 2010). This site is intended to provide a clearinghouse for information on auditory imagery, and one purpose of this bibliography is to encourage additional investigation of auditory imagery.

Comments, contributions, and suggestions for additions should be sent to timothyleehubbard@gmail.com.

Clicking on a letter below will jump to the section of the bibliography containing papers in which the first author's last name begins with that letter.

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Abramson, M., & Goldinger, S. D. (1997). What the reader's eye tells the mind's ear: Silent reading activates inner speech. Perception & Psychophysics, 59, 1059-1068.
Aleman, A., Formisano, E., Koppenhagen, H., Hagoort, P., de Hann, E. H. F., & Kahn, R. S. (2005). The functional neuroanatomy of metrical stress evaluation of perceived and imaged spoken words. Cerebral Cortex, 15, 221-228.
Aleman, A., Nieuwenstein, M. R., Boecker, K. B. E., & de Hann, E. H. F. (2000). Music training and mental imagery ability. Neuropsychologia, 38, 1664-1668.
Aleman, A., & van't Wout, M. (2004). Subvocalization in auditory-verbal imagery: just a form of motor imagery? Cognitive Processing, 5, 228-231.
Alexander, J. D., & Nygaard, L. C. (2008). Reading voices and hearing text: Talker-specific auditory imagery in reading. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception & Performance, 34, 446-459.
Anderson, R. E. (1982). Speech imagery is not always faster than visual imagery. Memory & Cognition, 10, 371-380.
Aziz-Zadeh, L., Cattaneo, L., Rochat, M. & Rizzolatte, G. (2005). Covert speech arrest induced by rTMS over both motor and nonmotor left hemisphere frontal sites. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 17, 928-938.

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Baba, A., & Hamada, H. (1999). Musical hallucinations in schizophrenia. Psychopathology, 32, 242-251.
Baddeley, A. D., & Andrade, J. (2000). Working memory and the vividness of imagery. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 129, 126-145.
Baddeley, A. D., Lewis, V. J., & Vallar, G. (1984). Exploring the articulatory loop. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 36, 233-252.
Baddeley, A. D., & Logie, R. H. (1992). Auditory imagery and working memory. In D. Reisberg (Ed.) Auditory imagery (pp. 179-197). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Bailes, F. (2007). The prevalence and nature of imagined music in the everyday lives of music students. Psychology of Music, 35, 555-570.
Bailes, F. (2007). Timbre as an elusive component of imagery for music. Empirical Musicology Review, 2, 21-34.
Bangert, M., Jürgens, U., Häusler, U., & Altenmüller, E. (2006). Classically conditioned responses to absent tones. BMC Neuroscience, 7, 60.
Beaman, C. P., & Williams, T. I. (2010). Earworms ('stuck song syndrome'): Towards natural history of intrusive thoughts. British Journal of Psychology, 101, 637-653.
Bentaleb, L. A., Beauregard, M., Liddle, P., & Stip, E. (2002). Cerebral activity associated with auditory verbal hallucinations: A functional magnetic resonance imaging case study. Revue de Psychiatrie & de Neuroscience, 27, 110-115.
Bentall, R. P., & Slade, P. D. (1985). Reality testing and auditory hallucinations A signal detection analysis. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 24, 159-169.
Bernard, J. W. (1986). Messiaen's synaesthesia: The correspondence between color and sound structure in his music. Music Perception, 4, 41-68.
Bick, P. A., & Kinsbourne, M. (1987). Auditory hallucinations and subvocal speech in schizophrenic patients. American Journal of Psychiatry, 144, 222-225.
Brett, E. A., & Starker, S. (1977). Auditory imagery and hallucinations. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 164, 394-400.
Brodsky, W., Henik, A., Rubenstein, B. S., & Zorman, M. (2003). Auditory imagery from musical notation in expert musicians. Perception & Psychophysics, 65, 602-612.
Brodsky, W., Kessler, Y., Rubenstein, B. S. Ginsborg, J., & Henik, A. (2008). The mental representation of music notation: Notational audiation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 34, 427-445.
Brown, S. (2006). The perpetual music track: The phenomenon of constant musical imagery. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 13, 43-62.
Brunyé, T. T., Ditman, T., Mahoney, C. R. Walters, E. K., & Taylor, H. A. (2010). You heard it here first: Readers mentally simulate described sounds. Acta Psychologica, 135, 209-215.
Bunzeck, N., Wuestenberg, T., Lutz, K., Heinze, H. J., & Jancke, L. (2005). Scanning silence: Mental imagery of complex sounds. NeuroImage, 26, 1119-1127.

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Callan, D. E., Tsytsarev, V., Hanakawa, T., Callan, A. M., Katsuhara, M., Fukuyama, H., & Turner, R. (2006). Song and speech: Brain regions involved with perception and covert production. NeuroImage, 31, 1327-1342.
Campos, A., & Perez-Fabello, M. J. (2011). Some psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Clarity of Auditory Imagery Scale. Psychological Reports, 109, 139-146.
Cebrian, A. N., & Janata, P. (2010). Electrophysiological correlates of accurate mental image formation in auditory perception and imagery tasks. Brain Research, 1342, 39-54.
Cebrian, A. N., & Janata, P. (2010). Influences of multiple memory systems on auditory mental image acuity. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 127, 3189-3202.
Crowder, R. G. (1989). Imagery for musical timbre. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 15, 472-478.
Crowder, R. G., & Pitt, M. A. (1992). Research on memory/imagery for musical timbre. In D. Reisberg (Ed.) Auditory imagery (pp. 27-44). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

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Daselaar, S. M., Porat, Y., Huijbers, W., & Pennartz, C. M. (2010). Modality-specific and modality-independent components of the human imagery system. Neuroimage, 52, 677-685.
Deutsch, D. (1972). Mapping for interactions in the pitch memory store. Science, 175, 1020-1022.

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Eardley, A. F., & Pring, L. (2006). Remembering the past and imaging the future: A role for nonvisual imagery in the everyday cognition of blind and sighted people. Memory, 14, 925-936.
Elkin, J., & Leuthold, H. (2011). The representation of pitch in auditory imagery: Evidence from S-R compatibility and distance effects. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 23, 76-91.
Evans, C. L., McGuire, P. K., & David, A. S. (2000). Is auditory imagery defective in patients with auditory hallucinations? Psychological Medicine, 30, 137-148.

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Farah, M. J., & Smith, A. F. (1983). Perceptual interference and facilitation with auditory imagery. Perception & Psychophysics, 33, 475-478.
Fischer, C. E., Marchie, A., & Norris, M. (2004). Musical and auditory hallucinations: A spectrum. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 58, 96-98.
Fourie, E. (2004). The processing of music notation: some implications for piano sight-reading. Journal of the Musical Arts in Africa, 1, 1-23.
Fukunishi, I., Horikawa, N., & Onai, H. (1998). Prevalence rate of musical hallucinations in a general hospital setting. Psychosomatics, 39, 175.

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Geiselman, R. E., & Glenny, J. (1977). Effects of imaging speakers' voices on the retention of words presented visually. Memory & Cognition, 5, 499-504.
Gissurarson, L. R. (1992). Reported auditory imagery and its relationship with visual imagery. Journal of Mental Imagery, 16, 117-122.
Godøy, R., & Jørgensen, H. (Eds.) (2001). Musical imagery. Lisse, The Netherlands: Swets & Zeitlinger.
Gomibuchi, T., Gomibuchi, K., Akiyama, T., Tsuda, H. & Hayakawa, T. (2000). Obsession of hearing music: From the viewpoint of Morita theory. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 54, 203-206.
Griffiths, T. D. (2000). Musical hallucinosis in acquired deafness: Phenomenology and brain substrate. Brain, 123, 2065-2076.

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Halpern, A. R. (1988). Mental scanning in auditory imagery for songs. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 14, 434-443.
Halpern, A. R. (1988). Perceived and imaged tempos of familiar songs. Music Perception, 6, 193-202.
Halpern, A. R. (1989). Memory for the absolute pitch of familiar songs. Memory & Cognition, 17, 572-581.
Halpern, A. R. (1992). Musical aspects of auditory imagery. In D. Reisberg (Ed.) Auditory imagery (pp. 1-27). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Halpern, A. R. (2003). Cerebral substrates of musical imagery. In I. Peretz & R. Zatorre (Eds.). The cognitive neuroscience of music (pp. 217-230). New York: Oxford University Press.
Halpern, A. R., (2007). Commentary on "Timbre as an elusive component of imagery for music" by Freya Bailes. Empirical Musicology Review, 2, 35-37.
Halpern, A. R., & Bartlett, J. C. (2011). The persistence of musical memories: A descriptive study of earworms. Music Perception, 28, 425-431.
Halpern, A. R., & Zatorre, R. J. (1999). When that tune runs through your head: a PET investigation of auditory imagery for familiar melodies. Cerebral Cortex, 9, 697-704.
Halpern, A. R., Zatorre, R. J., Bouffard, M., & Johnson, J. A. (2004). Behavioral and neural correlates of perceived and imagined musical timbre. Neuropsychologia, 42, 1281-1292.
Harrison, M. (1981). Dysphasia during sleep due to an unusual vascular lesion. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 44, 739.
Herholz, S. C., Lappe, C., Knief, A., & Pantev, C. (2008). Neural basis of music imagery and the effect of musical expertise. European Journal of Neuroscience, 28, 2352-2360.
Hermesh, H., Konas, S., Shiloh, R., Dar, R., Marom, S., Weizman, A., & Gross-Isseroff, R. (2004). Musical hallucinations: Prevalence in psychotic and non-psychotic outpatients. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 65, 191-197.
Highben Z., & Palmer, C. (2004). Effects of auditory and motor mental practice in memorized piano performance. Bulletin of the Council for Research in Music Education, 159, 58-65.
Hinke, R. M., Hu, X., Stillman, A. E., Kim, S. G., Merkle, H., Salmi, R., & Ugurbil, K. (1993). Functional magnetic resonance imaging of Broca's area during internal speech. Neuroreport, 4, 675-678.
Hishitani, S. (2009). Auditory Imagery Questionnaire: Its factorial structure, reliability, and validity. Journal of Mental Imagery, 33, 63-80.
Hogenraad, R., & Orianne, E. (1983). 'A penny for your thoughts': Imagery value and the periodicity of interior monologue. Journal of Mental Imagery, 7, 51-61.
Hubbard, T. L. (2010). Auditory imagery: Empirical findings. Psychological Bulletin, 136, 302-329.
Hubbard, T. L., & Stoeckig, K. (1988). Musical imagery: Generation of tones and chords. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 14, 656-667.
Hubbard, T. L., & Stoeckig, K. (1992). The representation of pitch in musical images. In D. Reisberg (Ed.) Auditory imagery (pp. 199-235). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Huijbers, W., Pennartz, C. M., Rubin, D. C., & Daselaar, S. M. (2011). Imagery and retrieval of auditory and visual information: Neural correlates of successful and unsuccessful performance. Neuropsychologia, 49, 1730-40.

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Intons-Peterson, M. J. (1980). The role of loudness in auditory imagery. Memory & Cognition, 8, 385-393.
Intons-Peterson, M. J. (1992). Components of auditory imagery. In D. Reisberg (Ed.) Auditory imagery (pp. 45-71). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Intons-Peterson, M. J., Russell, W., & Dressel, S. (1992). The role of pitch in auditory imagery. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 18, 233-240.

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Jancke, L., & Shah, N. J., (2004). Hearing syllables by seeing visual stimuli. European Journal of Neuroscience, 19, 2603-2608.
Janata, P. (2001). Brain electrical activity evoked by mental formation of auditory expectations and images. Brain Topography, 13, 169-193.
Janata, P., & Paroo, K. (2006). Acuity of auditory images in pitch and time. Perception & Psychophysics, 68, 829-844.
Johns, L. C., Rossell, S., Frith, C., Ahmad, F., Hemsley, D., Kuipers, E., & McGuire, P. K. (2001). Verbal self-monitoring and auditory verbal hallucinations in patients with schizophrenia. Psychological Medicine, 31, 705-715.
Johnson, M. K., Foley, M. A., & Leach, K. (1988). The consequences for memory of imagining in another person's voice. Memory & Cognition, 16, 337-342.
Jones, S. R., & Fernyhough, C. (2007). Neural correlated of inner speech and auditory verbal hallucinations: A critical review and theoretical integration. Clinical Psychology Review, 27, 140-154.

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Kalakoski, V. (2001). Musical imagery and working memory. In R. Godøy & H. Jørgensen, (Eds.), Musical imagery (pp. 43-56). Lisse, The Netherlands: Swets & Zeitlinger.
Kalakoski, V. (2007). Effect of skill level on recall of visually presented patterns of musical notes. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 48, 87-96.
Kasai, K., Asada, T., Yumoto, M., Takeya, J., & Matsuda, H. (1999). Evidence of functional abnormality in the right auditory cortex during musical hallucinations. Lancet, 354, 1703-1704.
Keller, T. A., Cowan, N., & Saults, J. S. (1995). Can auditory memory for tone pitch be rehearsed? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 21, 635-645.
Keller, P. E., Dalla Bella, S., & Koch, I. (2010). Auditory imagery shapes movement timing and kinematics: Evidence from a musical task. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 36, 508-513.
Keller, P. E., & Koch, I. (2006). The planning and execution of shirt auditory sequences. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 13, 711-716.
Keller, P. E., & Koch, I. (2008). Action planning in sequential skills: Relations to music performance. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 61, 275-291.
Kopiez, R., Weihs, C., Ligges, U., & Lee, J. I. (2006). Classification of high and low achievers in a music sight-reading task. Psychology of Music, 34, 5-26.
Kornicke, L. E. (1995). An exploratory study of individual difference variables in piano sight-reading achievement. Quarterly Journal of Music Teaching and Learning, 6, 56-79.
Kosslyn, S. M., & Matt, M. C. (1977). If you speak slowly, do people read your prose slowly? Person-particular speech recoding during reading. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 9, 250-252.
Kraemer, D. J. M., Macrae, C. N., Green, A. E., & Kelly, W. M. (2005). Sound of silence activates auditory cortex. Nature, 434, 158.
Kristeva, R., Chakarov, V., Schulte-Monting, J. & Spreer, J. (2003). Activation of cortical areas in music execution and imaging: A high-resolution EEG study. Neuroimage, 20, 1872-1883.
Kurby, C. A., Magliano, J. P., & Rapp, D. N. (2009). Those voices in your head: Activation of auditory images during reading. Cognition, 112, 457-461.

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Langheim, F. J. P., Callicott, J. H., Mattay, V. S., Duyn, J. H., & Weinberger, D. R. (2002). Cortical systems associated with covert music rehearsal. NeuroImage, 16, 901-908.
Leaver, A. M., van Lare, J., Zielinski, B., Halpern, A. R., & Rauschecker, J. P. (2009). Brain activation during anticipation of sound sequences. Journal of Neuroscience, 29, 2477-2485.
Lennox, B. R., Park, S. B. G., Medley, I., Morris, P. G., Jones, P. B. (2000). The functional anatomy of auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia. Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging, 100, 13-20.
Lim, S., & Lippman, L. G. (1991). Mental practice and memorization of piano music. Journal of General Psychology, 118, 121-130.
Linden, D. E., Thornton, K., Kuswanto, C. N., Johnston, S. J., van de Ven, V., & Jackson, M. C. (2011). The brain's voices: comparing nonclinical auditory hallucinations and imagery. Cerebral Cortex, 21, 330-337.
Lotze, M., Scheler, G., Tan, H. R. M., Braun, C., & Birbaumer, N. (2003). The musician's brain: functional imaging of amateurs and professional during performance and during imagery. NeuroImage, 20, 1817-1829.
Lucas, B. J., Schubert, E., & Halpern, A. R. (2010). Perception of emotion in sounded and imagined music. Music Perception, 27, 399-412.

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MacKay, D. G. (1992). Constraints on theories of inner speech. In D. Reisberg (Ed.) Auditory imagery (pp. 121-149). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Macken, W. J., & Jones, D. M. (1995). Functional characteristics of the inner voice and the inner ear: Single of double agency? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 21, 436-448.
McCutchen, D. & Perfetti, C. (1982). The visual tongue-twister effect: Phonological activation in silent reading. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 21, 672-687.
McGuire, P. K., Silbersweig, D. A., Murray, R. M., David, A. S., Frackowiak, R. S. J., & Frith, C. D. (1996). Functional neuroanatomy of inner speech and auditory verbal imagery. Psychological Medicine, 26, 29-38.
McGuire, P. K., Silbersweig, D. A., Wright, I. Murray, R. M., Frackowiak, R. S., & Frith, C. D. (1996). The neural correlates of inner speech and auditory verbal imagery in schizophrenia: relationship to auditory verbal hallucinations. British Journal of Psychiatry, 169, 148-159.
Meister, I. G., Krings, T., Foltys, H., Boroojerdi, B., Müller, M., Tőpper, R., & Thron, A. (2004). Playing piano in the mind - an fMRI study on music imagery and performance in pianists. Cognitive Brain Research, 19, 219-228.
Meyer, M., Elmer, S., Baumann, S., & Jancke, L. (2007). Short-term plasticity in the auditory system: Differential neural responses to perception and imagery of speech and music. Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience, 25, 411-431.
Mintz, A., & Alpert, M. (1972). Imagery vividness, reality testing, and schizophrenic hallucinations. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 79, 310-316.
Mountain, R. (2001). Composers and imagery: Myths and realities. In R. I. Godøy & H. Jørgensen (Eds.) Musical imagery (pp. 271-288). New York: Taylor & Francis.
Murata, A., Naritomi, H., & Sawada, T. (1994). Musical auditory hallucinations caused by a brainstem lesion. Neurology, 44, 156-158.
Mythili, S. P., & Padmapriya, V. (1987). Paired-associate learning with auditory and visual imagery among blind, deaf, and normal children. Journal of the Indian Academy of Applied Psychology, 13, 48-56.

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Nagaratam, N., Virk, S., & Brdarevic, O. (1996). Musical hallucinations associated with recurrence of a right occipital meningioma. British Journal of Clinical Practice, 50, 56-57.
Nayani, T. H., & David, A. S. (1996). The auditory hallucination: A phenomenological survey. Psychological Medicine, 26, 179-192.

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Okada, H., & Matsuoka, K. (1992). Effects of auditory imagery on the detection of a pure tone in white noise: Experimental evidence of the auditory Perky effect. Perceptual & Motor Skills, 74, 443-448.
Okada, H., Matsuoka, K., & Hatakeyama, T. (2005). Individual differences in the range of sensory modalities experienced in dreams. Dreaming, 15, 106-115.
Oppenheim, G. M., & Dell, G. S. (2008). Inner speech slips exhibit lexical bias, but not the phonemic similarity effect. Cognition, 106, 528-537.
Oppenheim, G. M., & Dell, G. S. (2010). Motor movement matters: The flexible abstractness of inner speech. Memory & Cognition, 38, 1147-1160.

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Peynircioglu, Z. F. (1995). Covert rehearsal of tones. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 21, 185-192.
Pitt, M. A., & Crowder, R. G. (1992). The role of spectral and dynamic cues in imagery for musical timbre. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 18, 728-738.

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Reisberg, D. (Ed.). (1992). Auditory imagery. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Reisberg, D., Smith, J. D., Baxter, D. A., & Sonenshine, M. (1989). "Enacted" auditory images are ambiguous; "Pure" auditory images are not. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 41A, 619-641.
Reybrouck, M. (2001). Musical imagery between sensory processing and ideomotor simulation. In R. Godøy & H. Jørgensen (Eds.). Musical imagery (pp. 177-136). Lisse, The Netherlands: Swets & Zeitlinger.
Rudner, M., Rönnberg, J., & Hugdahl, K. (2005). Reversing spoken items - mind twisting not tongue twisting. Brain and Language, 92, 78-90.

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Saba, P. R., & Keshavan, M. S. (1997). Musical hallucinations and musical imagery: Prevalence and phenomenology in schizophrenic patients. Psychopathology, 30, 185-190.
Salame, P., & Baddeley, A. D. (1982). Disruption of short-term memory by unintended speech: Implications for the structure of working memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 21, 150-164.
Schaefer, R. S., Vlek, R. J., & Desain, P. (2011). Music perception and imagery in EEG: Alpha band effects of task and stimulus. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 82, 254-259.
Schielke, E., Reuter, U., Hoffman, O., & Weber, J. R. (2000). Musical hallucinations with dorsal pontine lesions. Neurology, 55, 454-455.
Schneider, A. (2001). Complex inharmonic sounds, perceptual ambiguity, and musical imagery. In R. Godøy & H. Jørgensen (Eds.). Musical imagery (pp. 95-116). Lisse, The Netherlands: Swets & Zeitlinger.
Schurmann, M., Raji, T., Fujiki, N., & Hari, R. (2002). Mind's ear in a musician: where and when in the brain. NeuroImage, 16, 434-440.
Seal, M. L., Aleman, A., & McGuire, P. K. (2004). Compelling imagery, unanticipated speech and deceptive memory: Neurocognitive models of auditory verbal hallucinations in schizophrenia. Cognitive Neuropsychiatry, 9, 43-72.
Segal, S. J., & Fusella, V. (1970). Influence of imaged pictures and sounds in detection of visual and auditory signals. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 83, 458-474.
Sharps, M. J., & Pollitt, B. K. (1998). Category superiority effects and the processing of auditory images. Journal of General Psychology, 125, 109-116.
Sharps, M. J., & Price, J. L. (1991). Auditory imagery and free recall. Journal of General Psychology, 119, 81-87.
Shergill, S. S., Brammer, M. J., Amaro, E., Williams, S. C. R., Murray, R. M., & McGuire P. K. (2004). Temporal course of auditory hallucinations. British Journal of Psychiatry, 185, 516-517.
Shergill, S. S., Bullmore, E. T., Brammer, M. J., Williams, S. C. R., Murray, R. M., & McGuire, P. K. (2001). A functional study of auditory verbal imagery. Psychological Medicine, 31, 241-253.
Shergill, S. S., Bullmore, E., Simmons, A., Murray, R. McGuire, P. (2000). Functional anatomy of auditory verbal imagery in schizophrenic patients with auditory hallucinations. American Journal of Psychiatry, 157, 1691-1693.
Shergill, S. S., Murray, R. M., & McGuire, P. K. (1998). Auditory hallucinations: A review of psychological treatments. Schizophrenia Research, 32, 137-150.
Shinosaki, K., Yamamoto, M., Ukai, S., Kawaguchi, S., Ogawa, A., Ishii, R., Mizuno-Matsumoto, Y., Inouye, T., Hirabuki, N. Yoshimine, T., Kaku, T., Robinson, S. E., & Takeda, M. (2003). Desynchronization in the right auditory cortex during musical hallucinations: A MEG study. Psychogeriatrics, 3, 88-92.
Slade, P. D. (1976). An investigation of psychological factors involved in the predisposition to auditory hallucinations. Psychological Medicine, 6, 123-132.
Smith, J. D. (1992). The auditory hallucinations of schizophrenia. In D. Reisberg (Ed.), Auditory imagery (pp. 151-178). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Smith, J. D., Reisberg, D, & Wilson, M. (1992). Subvocalization and auditory imagery: Interactions between the inner ear and inner voice. In D. Reisberg (Ed.), Auditory imagery (pp. 95-119). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Smith, J. D., Wilson, M., & Reisberg, D. (1995). The role of subvocalization in auditory imagery. Neuropsychologia, 33, 1433-1454.
Starker, S., & Jolin, A. (1982). Imagery and hallucination in schizophrenic patients. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 170, 448-451.
Stuart, G. P., & Jones, D. M. (1996). From auditory image to auditory percept: Facilitation through common processes? Memory & Cognition, 24, 296-304.
Sullivan, C., Urakawa, K. S., & Cossey, V. L. (1996). Separating the effects of alertness from the effects of encoding in a pitch-imagery task. Journal of General Psychology, 123, 105-114.

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Tahiroglu, D., Mannering, A. M., & Taylor, M. (2011-2012). Visual and auditory imagery associated with children's imaginary companions. Imagination, Cognition, and Personality, 31, 99-112.
Tanriverdi, N., Sayilgan, M. A., & Ozcurumez, G. (2001). Musical hallucinations associated with abruptly developed bilateral loss of hearing. Acta Psychiatrica Scand., 103, 153-155.
Tian, X, & Poeppel, D. (2010). Mental imagery of speech and movement implicates the dynamics of internal forward models. Frontiers in Psychology, 1, art. 166, 1-23.
Tinti, C., Cornoldi, C., & Marschark, M. (1997). Modality-specific auditory imaging and the interactive imagery effect. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 9, 417-436.

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Van Dijk, H., Nieuwenhuis, I. L., & Jensen, O. (2010). Left temporal alpha band activity increases during working memory retention of pitches. European Journal of Neuroscience, 31, 1701-1707.
Vlek, R. J., Schaefer, R. S., Gielen, C. C. A. M., Farquhar, J. D. R., & Desain, P. (2011). Shared mechanism in perception and imagery of auditory accents Clinical Neurophysiology, 122, 1526-1532.
Vuvan, D. T., & Schmuckler, M. A. (2011). Tonal hierarchy representations in auditory imagery. Memory & Cognition, 39, 477-90.

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Ward, J., Tsakanikos, E., & Bray, A. (2006). Synaesthesia for reading and playing musical notes, Neurocase, 12, 27-34.
Warren, R. M. (1968). Verbal transformation effect and auditory perceptual mechanisms. Psychological Bulletin, 70, 261-270.
Waters, A. J., Townsend, E., & Underwood, G. (1998). Expertise in musical sight-reading: A study of pianists. British Journal of Psychology, 89, 123-149.
Weber, R. J., & Bach, M. (1969). Visual and speech imagery. British Journal of Psychology, 60, 199-202.
Weber, R. J., & Brown, S. (1986). Musical imagery. Music Perception, 3, 411-426.
Weber, R. J., & Castleman, J. (1970). The time it takes to imagine. Perception & Psychophysics, 8, 165-168.
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